Introduction
A stellate ganglion block is a specialized injection aimed at diagnosing or treating specific nerve conditions. The stellate ganglion comprises a cluster of nerves situated at the front of the neck, which plays a crucial role in transmitting pain signals from the head, neck, face, and arms to the brain. This block can offer varying durations of pain relief, depending on the individual, and the procedure may be repeated as necessary.
Anatomy
The stellate ganglion is located at the base of the neck, flanking the voice box. It is responsible for regulating involuntary sympathetic functions, including blood flow, sweating, and pain sensation in areas such as the head, neck, upper chest, and upper arms.
Causes
The stellate ganglion block employs injected medication to interrupt nerve signals related to pain, while also promoting improved circulation. This procedure serves both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, particularly beneficial for individuals suffering from nerve-related pain conditions, including complex regional pain syndrome, phantom limb pain, and shingles (herpes zoster) affecting the arm, head, or face.
Symptoms
The primary purpose of a stellate ganglion block is to alleviate chronic pain. The specific type of pain experienced varies depending on the underlying condition being treated.
Diagnosis
To determine the cause of your pain, your healthcare provider will review your medical history and perform a physical examination. Additional imaging tests or nerve studies may be conducted to aid in the diagnosis. A stellate ganglion block may also be utilized to assist in pinpointing the source of the pain.
Treatment
A stellate ganglion block is typically performed as an outpatient procedure. You will wear a gown and lie on your back on an examination table. A support will be placed behind your shoulders and neck to elevate your chin and tilt your head back.
Before the procedure, you will receive a sedative for relaxation. The front of your neck will be sterilized and numbed with a local anesthetic. Using fluoroscopy (live X-ray), your doctor will guide the injection needle to the stellate ganglion nerves. A contrast dye will be injected to confirm the needle’s placement. Once confirmed, the doctor will administer pain-relieving and anti-inflammatory medication.
If the stellate ganglion block successfully alleviates pain, additional treatments may be considered over time. Responses to the treatment can vary widely, with many patients experiencing progressively longer periods of relief with subsequent injections.
