Introduction
Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a treatment designed to alleviate chronic back pain, particularly in individuals who have not found relief through other methods. This therapy involves the surgical placement of a small device under the skin, which emits signals to the brain that interfere with pain signals. While spinal cord stimulation does not address the underlying cause of pain, it can provide significant relief, allowing individuals to re-engage in activities they enjoy.
Recommendations
Spinal cord stimulation may be beneficial for those experiencing chronic pain for six months or longer, especially if previous treatments have been ineffective. Candidates for this therapy may include individuals suffering from:
- A successful spinal cord stimulation trial
- Chronic pain due to arachnoiditis (inflammation or scarring of spinal nerve coverings)
- Causalgia (pain and burning sensations from peripheral nerve injury)
- Failed back or neck surgeries aimed at pain relief
- Peripheral neuropathy (persistent burning pain in the legs from abnormal nerve activity)
- Reflex sympathetic dystrophy or complex regional pain syndrome (chronic burning pain from progressive nervous system disease)
How Neurostimulation Works
Spinal cord stimulation does not remedy the root cause of pain. Instead, it sends electrical signals to the brain, which modifies the perception of pain. As a result, the brain finds it challenging to interpret pain signals, providing a distraction from discomfort.
The Spinal Cord Stimulation Device
The SCS device consists of a compact, programmable generator connected to two thin, flexible wires. These wires contain electrical leads that deliver signals to the spinal column.
Trial Period
Before committing to a permanent solution, patients undergo a trial phase of spinal cord stimulation to assess its effectiveness. This process involves a minor outpatient procedure where the device's wires are positioned beneath the skin. The external generator is carried similarly to a cell phone. Your physician will calibrate the device to optimize pain relief.
Implant Procedure
If the trial phase proves successful, a more permanent spinal cord stimulation system can be implanted through a same-day outpatient procedure. During this surgery, the wires are strategically placed within the spinal column, targeting specific pain areas, while the generator is situated beneath the skin.
The wires and generator are linked, and the system operates on battery power, requiring periodic recharging or replacement. Your doctor will use a remote control to program your spinal cord stimulator, allowing you to adjust settings and manage pain relief independently.
Results
Many patients report a pain reduction of 50% to 70% and can return to their usual daily activities. However, spinal cord stimulation may not be effective for everyone.
Advantages of Neurostimulation
Key advantages of spinal cord stimulation include:
- A trial phase to evaluate the effectiveness
- The ability to discontinue treatment at any time
- Reduction or elimination of pain medication reliance
- Adjustability for varying pain levels
- Enhanced overall quality of life
