Introduction
Fluoroscopy is a type of real-time X-ray imaging that allows doctors to visualize internal structures as they function. This technique is particularly effective for diagnosing disorders of the upper and lower digestive tracts, such as during barium swallow or barium enema procedures, as well as for joint issues through arthrography. Fluoroscopy is commonly utilized in operating rooms, especially in orthopedic surgeries and for the placement of implanted devices.
Preparation
When scheduling your appointment, you will receive tailored preparation instructions based on the specific fluoroscopy procedure you are undergoing. For arthrography, no special preparation is needed. However, for upper and small bowel series, you will typically be advised to refrain from eating or drinking after midnight before the procedure. Barium enema preparations usually require a liquid diet for 24 hours prior to your appointment, along with the use of a bowel preparation kit.
Before the procedure, it's important to remove any metal objects from your body, such as jewelry and watches. Women should inform the medical staff if they are pregnant, may be pregnant, or have an IUD in place. You will be required to wear a hospital gown during the examination.
Procedure
Initial X-rays, known as scout films, will be taken before the fluoroscopy begins. The technician will position your body and ask you to remain still during this process. The subsequent steps will vary depending on the type of fluoroscopy being performed.
Arthrography
For this procedure, a local anesthetic will be administered near the joint. A contrast dye will be injected into the joint with a syringe, and X-rays will be captured in various positions as the dye circulates. After the procedure, it is recommended to rest the joint for about 12 hours, and applying ice packs may help alleviate any swelling.
Barium Enema
You will lie on a table where a small tube will be gently inserted into your colon through the anus. This tube is used to introduce air and barium—a contrast agent—into your colon for enhanced imaging. You will be directed to change positions throughout the imaging process to obtain views from different angles. Once the imaging is completed, the tube and barium will be removed, and you will need to use the restroom to eliminate any residual barium and air. Additional images may be captured afterward.
Expect your stools to appear white for a few days after the procedure. It's important to stay hydrated and return to a normal diet as directed.
Barium Swallow
During this test, you will ingest a barium contrast solution. The radiologist will observe the movement of the barium through your upper digestive tract. You may experience an urge to belch, but it is advised to suppress this reflex. You might need to change positions frequently to facilitate imaging from various angles. Holding your breath while images are captured can help avoid blurriness. In addition to the fluoroscopy, still images may also be taken.
After this procedure, your stools may appear gray or white for several days. It’s important to drink plenty of fluids and resume a normal diet as instructed.
The test may be conducted by a radiology technician, who will not be able to diagnose or discuss your condition or results with you. A radiologist or your physician will review and explain your test results after the procedure.
