Introduction
In rehabilitation, "transfer training" focuses on techniques for safely moving from one surface to another, essential for everyday activities like getting on and off a chair, stepping into the shower, or moving in and out of a vehicle. These techniques are especially critical for people with mobility challenges, promoting both safety and independence in daily routines.
If a condition affects your strength, balance, mobility, endurance, or coordination, transfer training may be necessary to help you adjust. Physical changes can stem from a variety of medical conditions, including neurological disorders like stroke, spinal cord injuries, traumatic brain injuries, diseases such as Parkinson's or Multiple Sclerosis, or orthopedic issues, like injuries or surgeries in the lower body. These impairments may be temporary or lasting, partial or total.
Treatment
If transfer training is recommended, your physician can prescribe rehabilitation sessions with an occupational or physical therapist. The specific techniques you learn will be tailored to your physical capabilities. For those who use mobility aids, such as wheelchairs or walkers, these will be incorporated into your training. You'll practice transfers for surfaces you encounter daily, such as getting on and off the toilet. Additional transfers, like car transfers, can also be included to suit your lifestyle. Share your personal goals and preferences with your therapist, and feel free to invite family members or caregivers to join sessions so they can assist, if needed.
If mobility is limited, caregivers can be trained to use mechanical lift devices. Therapists can help select equipment best suited for your home and needs.
For those who cannot place weight on their legs, transfers may involve using arm strength to move from a wheelchair to another surface, such as a bed or toilet. A depression transfer may be used if upper body strength allows, raising and shifting the body by pressing down with the shoulders. If additional support is needed, a sliding board can help bridge the gap between surfaces, with caregivers available to assist as necessary. This is known as "assisted transferring."
If you can put some weight on one or both legs, you’ll learn pivot transfers, which involve turning from one surface to another. Depending on your mobility, you may use a standing or seated pivot transfer, with assistance available to enhance balance and safety.
For added convenience and safety at home, therapists may recommend home modifications or equipment. They may suggest grab bars in the shower, raised toilet seats, or lifting the height of a favorite chair, making daily transfers more manageable. As your abilities develop, therapists can adjust your transfer techniques to match your improving skills.
